myanmar life expectancy

In 2005, a report on the older-aged population was published based on the 1973 and 1983 censuses and household membership listings from several national surveys (Department of Population and United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), 2005). Current Myanmar Life Expectancy is 66.61. The country’s strong economic growth in recent years is contributing to poverty reduction and improvement in livelihoods and living standards in certain segments of the population (World Bank Myanmar, 2016). Deaths caused by stroke, heart disease, diabetes, and kidney disease doubled during 1990–2010. The National Social Protection Strategic Plan launched in 2014 by the Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement is particularly promising. In 2011, the Myanmar government only spent, . Currently, LTC policies do not exist in Myanmar. Based on data. *Address correspondence to Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan, PhD, School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, 90 Stamford Road, Singapore 178903, Singapore. There are shortages across the country in human resources for health. These articles address a broad range of topics in social gerontology including health disparities and health seeking behaviors among older adults, how families provide support for older persons in terms of living arrangements and long-term care, how family support impacts upon the well-being of older adults, and reciprocal intergenerational exchanges such as caring for grandchildren by grandparents. Tha Population growth, fertility, life expectancy and mortality PDF | CSV Updated: 20-Aug-2019 Population in the capital city, urban and rural areas PDF | CSV National accounts GDP and GDP per capita PDF | CSV Updated: 5-Nov-2020 GVA by kind of economic Myanmar : 54 records since 1960 , the average of these recordings : 54 The highest data : 2012 is the highest year for the indicator : Men - Life expectancy at birth (years). Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, College of Population Studies, Chulalongkorn University. , & Current Myanmar Life Expectancy is 66.61. Furthermore, 28% of older persons in Myanmar reported problems with eyesight, compared to 18% in Thailand. Moreover, for the period 2010–2015, life expectancy at age 60 is projected to be 16.7 years, almost 2 years less than the 18.4 for Southeast Asia as a whole and below the worldwide average for all countries designated as low income ( United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, 2015). Myanmar’s 2014–2018 health strategy addresses the importance of controlling the growth of NCD burden but does not specifically target health care for older persons or long-term care. (, Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement Improved material well-being is likely indicative of improved standards of living. The country is vulnerable to natural disasters, including hurricanes, floods, and even earthquakes which tend to dampen economic and social development. The, . However, there is little change over time. The severe lack of government investment in health care makes health resources difficult to access by the population, which one can attribute to the lower life expectancies, but it is clear that Myanmar is taking steps in the right direction. Pensions are uncommon as a source of income for Myanmar’s older-aged population. – The Huffington Post, . The latter program is relevant to community-based care. In addition to census data, the first and second Integrated Household Living Conditions Assessment Surveys (IHLCA) (2004–2005 and 2009–2010), the 1991 Population Changes and Fertility Survey, and the 1997, 2001, and 2007 Fertility and Reproductive Health Surveys conducted by the Department of Population are also useful for analyses related to older persons. 2015 Myanmar Life Expectancy Rate, Infant Mortality Rate and Total Fertility Rate data, including comparisons against world and regional benchmarks. Naing Older women are more likely than their male counterparts to report problems with various aspects of health. , & Likewise, 57% of women compared to 40% of men reported at least one functional limitation while 19% of women versus 13% of men reported they had at least one ADL difficulty. … This reflects a flexible bilateral kinship system but with a tendency of grown daughters to play more prominent roles within the family than sons. In a study by the World Health Organization, in Myanmar, “malaria morbidity and mortality has declined, The purpose of this is to help Myanmar achieve economic stability and reduce poverty. Units: Number of Years, Not Seasonally Adjusted Frequency: Annual Almost three-fourths of older persons who currently provide grandchild care consider it to be mainly enjoyable and only 5% consider it mostly burdensome with the remainder indicating it is both enjoyable and burdensome. Life expectancy for the entire population of Myanmar has increased gradually but is still significantly lower than even the United States’ 80.4-year average. S. As income from work declines with advancing age, support from children becomes increasingly crucial. Although there are a few health policies focusing on the older-aged population, few resources and limited capacity have curtailed their success (Han, 2012). Myanmar Life Expectancy chart, historic, and current data. Important data sources not specifically interviewing older persons are the censuses. Only a third of older persons in the MAS reported that their health was good or very good compared to 43% of their Thai counterparts (Knodel, 2014a; Knodel, Teerawichitchainan, Prachuabmoh, & Pothisiri, 2015). Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere (CARE) has worked with Myanmar since 1995 and has helped, . According to the latest WHO data published in 2018 life expectancy in Myanmar is: Male 64.6, female 68.9 and total life expectancy is 66.8 which gives Myanmar a World Life Expectancy ranking of 130. Two thirds of adult children of older persons provided parents with at least some material support and just over one fourth provided the equivalent of at least US$60 during the year prior to the MAS. There are only 61 doctors per every 100,000 people in Myanmar. Among older persons who receive assistance with daily living activities, daughters provided main care for about half overall and for about 60% of those who were no longer currently married. This equates to a health expenditure of 103 international dollars per capita. After years of political turmoil, economic hardship, and poor living conditions, many older persons in Myanmar appear to bear grave old-age health outcomes. Because of this and the decline of poverty, more households can obtain home appliances as well as other consumer goods like cell phones and computers. This spotlight provides an overview of the situation of older persons in Myanmar, an understudied country of over-50-million population. . It is clear nevertheless that the net impact of these demographic changes resulted in increased aging of the Myanmar population. However, studies by the World Bank shows that this percentage has increased over time. Such multigenerational arrangements facilitate intergenerational exchanges. The trends and patterns of physical difficulties in Myanmar imply that acute needs for long-term care (LTC) will increase in the future in Myanmar as the numbers of older adults at advanced ages continue to rapidly increase. Most older men and women in Myanmar (94%) have been economically active during their lifetime. Moreover, aging parents that live with children typically provide important services. Shortages of health personnel and infrastructure are also evident. Community-based care for older persons is to be delivered by trained volunteers recruited from OPSHGs. Life expectancy at age 60 has also improved steadily from 12.2 years in 1950–1955 to 16.7 by 2010–2015. More recently, the scheme has been expanded to include elders aged 90 and older and funded by the government. Interestingly, compared to neighboring Thailand, Myanmar older adults are considerably less likely to have worked during the preceding year (30% vs. 43%) (Knodel, 2014b). 3-30-2020. Objectives: Demographic and socioeconomic changes and the availability of health care resources were collected to examine the impacts on life expectancy in Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar. Transition graphs on "Average life expectancy" in Myanmar and comparison bar charts (USA vs. China vs. Japan vs. Myanmar), (Tanzania, United Republic of vs At present, poverty and inequality are pervasive in Myanmar as evidenced in disparities in material well-being, health, and quality of life among older persons. B. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. All rights reserved. Looking ahead, Myanmar confronts important challenges including demographic shifts that reduce availability of family support for older persons and increasing burden from chronic illnesses. The analysis of MAS shows that almost 10% report that their household monthly income is no more than 25,000 kyat, or less than US$1 per day and just over 60% are in households with income no more than US$3 per day. J. It is only among the top two quintiles that household possessions and housing amenities typical in middle-income Southeast Asian countries become more evident. United Nations projections anticipate that the ranking with respect to population aging among Southeast Asian countries will remain the same through 2050, although in all countries substantial population aging will take place. Myanmar - Life expectancy at birth 67.36 (years) in 2020 In 2020, life expectancy at … T. G. Key players are from universities in Myanmar (e.g., the University of Public Health Yangon, Yangon Institute of Economics particularly its Demography Department), government agencies (e.g., the Department of Population, Ministry of Immigration and Population; Department of Social Welfare, Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement; Ministry of Health), and international organizations (e.g., UNFPA, WHO, HelpAge International). According to the MAS, a majority of Myanmar older adults, specifically those in the bottom 60% of wealth distribution, live in abject poverty as measured by household possessions and quality of housing (Teerawichitchainan & Knodel, 2015a). J. B. These include over half that help with housework and over a third with house maintenance. Myanmar : 54 records since 1960 , the average of these recordings : 56.61 years The highest data : 2013 is the highest year for the indicator : Life expectancy (years). The 2014 census reveals improvements in material well-being of the overall population. (2015). The plan advocates establishing the National Steering Committee on Aging (comprising most senior representatives from line ministries and led by the Minister for Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement) and the National Advisory Committee on Aging (comprising representatives from line ministries, international agencies, United Nations agencies and local nongovernment organizations). In practice, this appears to be the situation. In the absence of any survey targeting Myanmar’s older population, the analysis provided in the 2012 report is based on the 1973 and 1983 censuses and household listings from the 1991 Population Changes and Fertility Survey and the 2001 and 2007 Fertility and Reproductive Health Surveys. Of these, 60% were primarily engaged in agriculture, while 10% were engaged in nonagricultural labor and 11% formal-sector jobs. United Nations projections are also included through the year 2100. Nevertheless, the government is keen to invest in social protection programs directed to the most vulnerable in society, including frail older persons in need of LTC. Myanmar’s health system has been severely underfunded (Grundy, Annear, Ahmed, & Biggs, 2014). The WHO assisted in drawing up Myanmar’s Health Vision 2030. W. While intergenerational support remains strong and significant for the well-being of family members including older persons, structural changes may impose significant challenges in maintaining the traditional forms of old-age support. This is below the average life expectancy at birth of the global population which is about 71 years (according to Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations). 16–853, What does living alone really mean for older persons? China's People's Daily reported that Burma had a census in 2007, and at the end of 2009 has 59.2 million people, and growing at 2% annually. The average number of years of life expected by a hypothetical cohort of individuals who would be subject during all their lives to the mortality rates of Graph and download economic data for Life Expectancy at Birth, Total for Myanmar (SPDYNLE00INMMR) from 1960 to 2018 about Myanmar, life expectancy, life, and birth. Pothisiri with exception for Cyclone Nargisin 2008. Myanmar's "Average life expectancy" is 66.87Age which is the 150th highest in the world ranking. Less than one in five older persons have savings in the form of money or gold. The Japanese International Cooperation Agency has also worked on special projects in Myanmar since 2000, most notably creating. On average, the households of older people have few possessions even when including items that belong to other household members. Giang In 2012, a second report on the elderly population was published (Department of Population and UNFPA, 2012). According to the World Bank’s World Development Indicators database, the Myanmar government spends 2.3% of its GDP on health in 2014, compared to 6.5% among countries in the East Asia-Pacific region and 5.7% among other low-income countries (World Bank, 2016). Unlike its neighbors, Myanmar has engaged in a civil war since it broke from British rule in 1948. Life expectancy at birth, female (years) - Myanmar. A small, yet growing, group of researchers based outside Myanmar with expertise on the social gerontology of the Myanmar population exists. T. S. A calendar based simulation of Covid-19 deaths compared to historical average of selected Myanmar causes. While it is currently transitioning from a military government to a democracy, the following are 10 facts about life expectancy in Myanmar. Aung From the parents’ perspective, this translates into over 90% having received material support from one or more of their children including almost two-thirds that received at least US$60 or more. . . Gaps in LTC decline in an almost linear gradient with increased household wealth. Many live in abject poverty and depend on their families for material support. It is more difficult to assess the impact on age structure of the net out-migration that has been taking place at least since the 1980s. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Search for other works by this author on: School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Ageing in South East Asia: A five-country study, Asian development outlook 2016: Asia’s potential growth, The 2014 Myanmar population and housing census: Highlights of the main results (Census Report Volume 2-A), Department of Population and United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), The elderly population in Myanmar: Trends, living conditions, characteristics and prospects, April 2005, Adapting to social and political transitions—the influence of history on health policy formation in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (Burma), Regional Health Forum WHO South-East Asia Region, World Economic Outlook Database, International Monetary Fund, The situation of older persons in Myanmar: results from the 2012 survey of older persons (revised 2014), HelpAge International Myanmar Country Office, The situation of older persons in Myanmar—an overview, Grandparents and grandchildren: care and support in Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, Inter-generational living arrangements in Myanmar and Thailand: A comparative analysis, The situation of Thailand’s older population: An update based on the 2014 survey of older persons in Thailand, HelpAge International East Asia-Pacific Regional Office, Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement, Implementing Myanmar’s social protection strategic plan: Proposed flagship programmes, Health seeking behavior of elderly in Myanmar, International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine and Public Health, Ban on doctor’s group imperils Muslim minority in Myanmar, Study on accessing healthcare by the older population, Myanmar (draft report), HelpAge International East Asia and Pacific Regional Office, Economic status and old-age health in poverty-stricken Myanmar, Data mapping on ageing in Asia and the Pacific: Analytical report, Long-term care needs in the context of poverty and population aging: The case of older persons in Myanmar. Country Profile: MYANMAR DEMOGRAPHY Total population 1 ('000s) Year 2006 48'379 Annual population growth rate 1 (%) Year 1996-2006 1.0 Population living in urban areas 1 (%) Year 2006 31 Life expectancy at birth 1 (years) Female Male 63 57 A review of the current situation reveals that there has been little social welfare provision for Myanmar’s older-aged population leaving individuals and families on their own to fend for the health and well-being of older persons. Moreover, 59% report children as their main source of income, while only 24% report work (by self or spouse). Although age-specific survival rates have increased steadily since the middle of the 20th century as indicated by rising life expectancy at birth (e0), this has actually moderated the extent of population aging rather than contributing to it. Access to the above-mentioned secondary data sets is limited but available upon request to the organizations that conducted/sponsored the surveys. Extensive reforms since 2010 have led the Myanmar government to increase public spending on health. 7,629. After decades of political turmoil and social upheavals, Myanmar is rebuilding peace and nationhood. A comparative study of Myanmar, Vietnam, and Thailand, How do living arrangements and intergenerational support matter for psychological health of elderly parents? In addition to high level of private financing of health care, other barriers include reduced accessibility due to geographic and infrastructure factors. COPD, stroke, ischemic heart disease, diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease are, . The survey covered 1,221 respondents aged 60 and older in the three regions of Yangon, Mandalay, and Ayeyarwady. It supports OPSHGs at the village level with key objectives to meet economic and health needs of older persons. Myanmar is intermediate with 8.9% aged 60 and older (United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, 2015). . 32 … Since migrants are typically in younger or middle adult ages, their absence may have slightly increased the share at older ages among the remaining population. Myanmar is of particular interest to researchers and policy makers, given its overall level of poverty and modestly rapid population aging. Steadily rising since 1950, the average life expectancy was once 33.63 years. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only. The 1973 and 1983 censuses have been used by researchers as the basis for information on population aging (Department of Population and UNFPA, 2005, 2012). , & The aim was to provide a comprehensive picture of the situation of older persons in the country including their social characteristics, economic activity and income, material well-being, family support and intergenerational exchanges, and health. At the other extreme is Laos with only 6% aged 60 and older. . Htike Ahmed Nevertheless, economic growth has accelerated since the recent political and structural transition. Another important service that parents provide is through grandchild care thus facilitating the ability of their adult children to work outside the house. This change has put inequality into a sharp relief, as evident in research findings on unmet needs in LTC (Teerawichitchainan & Knodel, 2016). Design and sample: An ecological design collecting 29 years (1980-2008) data for three Southeast Asian countries. Myanmar citizens pay for most health care resources out of pocket. Evidence further indicates gender and economic disparities in health among older persons in Myanmar. The life expectancy is shown separately for males, and for females, as well as a combined figure. The lowest data : 1960 is the lowest year for the indicator : Life A third (34%) lack access to electricity and over half (56%) lack running water. The MAS provides extensive information about exchanges of material, emotional and social support as well as services between generations within the same family. M. M. T 66.8. In Myanmar, adult children are the most common source of material support for older persons. Myanmar - Life expectancy at birth, male (years) The value for Life expectancy at birth, male (years) in Myanmar was 63.42 as of 2017. Coresidence is very common and facilitates reciprocal exchanges across generations. However, over half of aging parents that live with children report that they or their spouse contribute to household economic support even if not in the form of cash (e.g., participating in family productive activities). Annear Over one third of older persons that have grandchildren provide care for at least one including grandchildren whose parents have migrated elsewhere to work. Although not specifically focusing on older persons, such research is a relevant development given that older persons are more prone to NCD than other age groups. Universal health coverage is a key aspiration in Myanmar's national health plan to 2030, fuelled by the promise of economic and social development. The second survey was the 2016 Survey on Accessing Healthcare by the Older Population, Myanmar (Rajan & Sreerupa, 2016). . Older people in Myanmar typically live in low-income households. This statistic shows the life expectancy at birth in Myanmar, also known as Burma, from 2008 to 2018. Mortality is quite high with life expectancy at birth for 2010–2015 estimated by the United Nations at only 65.6, 5 years below that for Southeast Asia overall (United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, 2015). 6,228. Department of Population and United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) Much of the international support is at local levels; it is up to the Myanmar government to provide support across the entire country. (, Knodel This is because all of these surveys have household-level data files with at least basic information of all household members including older-aged members. These programs are not yet effective nationwide. Work is one potential source of material support for older persons. D. K. S. Teerawichitchainan In fact, it is the world’s longest ongoing civil war. Total life expectancy (both sexes) at birth for Myanmar is 64.9 years. 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